The State of Data Sharing in Plastic Surgery: An Analysis of Journal Practices and Author Adherence

Background: Data sharing is crucial for transparency and reproducibility in research. We aim to evaluate data sharing practices in plastic surgery research, focusing on data sharing statements (DSSs), identifying key trends, and assessing follow-through. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the top 7 plastic surgery journals, selecting original research articles published from 2018 to 2023. Data extraction was performed in a masked duplicate manner, capturing DSS presence, funding sources, study design, and publication year. Trends in DSS inclusion over time, study designs, and journals were analyzed. A thematic analysis was conducted on DSS content. Corresponding authors of studies that stated data were available upon request were contacted to assess follow-through. Results: Our review included 727 articles, with only 1.51% (11 out of 727) including DSS. DSS prevalence varied, with the highest in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (4.42%, 5 out of 113) and the lowest in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (0.43%, 1 out of 235). Clinical trials were the most likely to include DSS (1.92%, 9 out of 469), followed by cohort studies (1.16%, 2 out of 173). Private funding and certain publishers were negatively associated with DSS inclusion, whereas journal impact factors showed a positive correlation. Responses from authors were not received, indicating a gap between stated intentions and actual practices. Conclusions: Data sharing practices in plastic surgery journals are inconsistent. Although DSS inclusion is encouraged, many studies still lack DSS, and the quality varies. Clearer mandates and enforcement are needed for effective data sharing.