HIV neurotoxicity: Potential therapeutic interventions

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

26 Scopus citations

Abstract

Individuals suffering from human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infection suffer from a wide range of neurological deficits. The most pronounced are the motor and cognitive deficits observed in many patients in the latter stages of HIV infection.Gross postmortem inspection shows cortical atrophy and widespread neuronal loss. One of the more debilitating of the HIV-related syndromes is AIDS-related dementia, or HAD. Complete understanding of HIV neurotoxicity has been elusive. Both direct and indirect toxic mechanisms have been implicated in the neurotoxicity of the HIV proteins, Tat and gp120. The glutamatergic system, nitric oxide, calcium, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and microglia have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-related neuronal degeneration. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent work and provide an overview to the current theories of HIV-related neurotoxicity and potential avenues of therapeutic interventions to prevent the neuronal loss and motor/cognitive deficits previously described.

Original languageEnglish
Article number65741
JournalJournal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
Volume2006
DOIs
StatePublished - 2006

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'HIV neurotoxicity: Potential therapeutic interventions'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this