Glutamine synthetase activities in spinal white and gray matter 7 days following spinal cord injury in rats

Richard L. Benton; C. David Ross; Kenneth E. Miller

doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01362-8

Glutamine synthetase activities in spinal white and gray matter 7 days following spinal cord injury in rats

Richard L. Benton, C. David Ross, Kenneth E. Miller

Anatomy and Cell Biology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

The glial enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is critical for central nervous system catabolism of glutamate and glutamine production. Upregulation of GS is a hallmark of reactive astrocytosis, although such induction following spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been reported. This study's purpose was to determine if GS activity is increased following SCI. Experimental rats received a complete spinal transection at the T5 segment and control rats received a laminectomy only. GS activities were determined using an enzymatic microassay. Glutamine levels were resolved in semi- adjacent sections. At 7 days following SCI, GS activity increased an average of 170-190% in white matter and 15-25% in gray matter immediately adjacent to the transection, and 70-90% in white matter and 40-45% in gray matter from cervical and lumbar enlargements. Correlative increases in glutamine were observed also. These findings further characterize the astrocytic response to SCI, which may contribute to altered glutamine metabolism in injured spinal tissue. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-4
Number of pages	4
Journal	Neuroscience Letters
Volume	291
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01362-8
State	Published - 8 Sep 2000

Keywords

Astrocyte
Glutamine
Glutamine synthetase
Injury
Rat
Spinal cord

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10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01362-8

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title = "Glutamine synthetase activities in spinal white and gray matter 7 days following spinal cord injury in rats",

abstract = "The glial enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is critical for central nervous system catabolism of glutamate and glutamine production. Upregulation of GS is a hallmark of reactive astrocytosis, although such induction following spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been reported. This study's purpose was to determine if GS activity is increased following SCI. Experimental rats received a complete spinal transection at the T5 segment and control rats received a laminectomy only. GS activities were determined using an enzymatic microassay. Glutamine levels were resolved in semi- adjacent sections. At 7 days following SCI, GS activity increased an average of 170-190% in white matter and 15-25% in gray matter immediately adjacent to the transection, and 70-90% in white matter and 40-45% in gray matter from cervical and lumbar enlargements. Correlative increases in glutamine were observed also. These findings further characterize the astrocytic response to SCI, which may contribute to altered glutamine metabolism in injured spinal tissue. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.",

keywords = "Astrocyte, Glutamine, Glutamine synthetase, Injury, Rat, Spinal cord",

author = "Benton, {Richard L.} and Ross, {C. David} and Miller, {Kenneth E.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to thank Dr Jane Jacob of the Department of Cell Biology at OUHSC and Dr Robert Blair of the Department of Physiology at OUHSC for their critical review of this manuscript. This study was supported NIH#-NS 27213, HL 52986 (KEM) and the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Department of Cell Biology.",

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AU - Miller, Kenneth E.

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N2 - The glial enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is critical for central nervous system catabolism of glutamate and glutamine production. Upregulation of GS is a hallmark of reactive astrocytosis, although such induction following spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been reported. This study's purpose was to determine if GS activity is increased following SCI. Experimental rats received a complete spinal transection at the T5 segment and control rats received a laminectomy only. GS activities were determined using an enzymatic microassay. Glutamine levels were resolved in semi- adjacent sections. At 7 days following SCI, GS activity increased an average of 170-190% in white matter and 15-25% in gray matter immediately adjacent to the transection, and 70-90% in white matter and 40-45% in gray matter from cervical and lumbar enlargements. Correlative increases in glutamine were observed also. These findings further characterize the astrocytic response to SCI, which may contribute to altered glutamine metabolism in injured spinal tissue. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

AB - The glial enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is critical for central nervous system catabolism of glutamate and glutamine production. Upregulation of GS is a hallmark of reactive astrocytosis, although such induction following spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been reported. This study's purpose was to determine if GS activity is increased following SCI. Experimental rats received a complete spinal transection at the T5 segment and control rats received a laminectomy only. GS activities were determined using an enzymatic microassay. Glutamine levels were resolved in semi- adjacent sections. At 7 days following SCI, GS activity increased an average of 170-190% in white matter and 15-25% in gray matter immediately adjacent to the transection, and 70-90% in white matter and 40-45% in gray matter from cervical and lumbar enlargements. Correlative increases in glutamine were observed also. These findings further characterize the astrocytic response to SCI, which may contribute to altered glutamine metabolism in injured spinal tissue. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

KW - Astrocyte

KW - Glutamine

KW - Glutamine synthetase

KW - Injury

KW - Rat

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Glutamine synthetase activities in spinal white and gray matter 7 days following spinal cord injury in rats

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