Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists and Pregnancy Outcomes: a Scoping Review

Research output: Contribution to conferencePosterpeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have garnered attention for their efficacy in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Despite their clinical benefits, safety during pregnancy remains a critical concern due to potential implications for maternal and fetal health. We conducted a scoping review to synthesize existing literature on GLP-1 agonist use during pregnancy, focusing on pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of 3 databases (PubMed [MEDLINE], Embase, Cochrane Library) on March 27, 2024, using keywords and MeSH terms such as GLP-1 receptors (and related medication names), pregnancy, prenatal, and other related terms. Studies were included if they reported on GLP-1 agonist exposure during pregnancy and pregnancy-related outcomes or health effects. Data extracted included study design, exposure duration, pregnancy outcomes, and adverse events.

Results: A total of 9 studies met inclusion criteria—7 case reports and 2 cross-sectional studies. Six of the 7 case studies reported adverse events, though not all complications were directly linked to GLP-1 exposure. One cross-sectional study showed a higher rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to GLP-1 agonists (8.2%) compared to the total studied pregnant population (3.7%), though not significantly different from the pregnant patients who were using insulin for T2DM regulation (7.8%). The studies available did not examine psychological effects during pregnancy.

Conclusion: GLP-1 agonist use during pregnancy presents complex considerations, balancing potential benefits of efficient glycemic control against safety concerns for maternal and fetal health. Current evidence underscores the need for cautious clinical management and informed decision-making in pregnant women with T2DM or obesity considering GLP-1 agonist therapy. Further research is imperative to elucidate the long-term safety profile, including psychological and neurodevelopmental outcomes, and to establish clear guidelines for the use of these medications in pregnant populations.
Original languageAmerican English
Pages32
StatePublished - 13 Sep 2024
Event2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health - Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, United States
Duration: 13 Sep 202413 Sep 2024

Conference

Conference2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health
Abbreviated titleSTRIDE 2024
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityTahlequah
Period13/09/2413/09/24

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