Abstract
Purpose: Medication adherence among people living with HIV (PLWH) is not only important for mitigating disease progression, but poor adherence may also lead to resistance to antiretroviral therapy. Existing evidence regarding the influence of sociodemographic factors on medication adherence is mixed, while also extremely limited among those residing in Oklahoma. Thus we assessed self-reported medication adherence and associated factors among participants of the Nutrition to Optimize, Understand, and Restore Insulin Sensitivity in HIV for Oklahoma (NOURISH-OK) study.
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of NOURISH-OK—a study investigating life-course factors and the development of insulin sensitivity among PLWH eligible for Ryan White-funded programs—assessed participant demographics (race, sex at birth, index of relative rurality, Area deprivation Index [ADI]), and behaviors (frequency of exercise, perceived stress scale (PSS), depressive symptoms [PHQ], and sleep adequacy). Associations between medication adherence and these factors were measured via X2 tests and regression models.
Results: Among 407 participants, a majority were male (78.9%), White (63.1%), and living in more urban areas of Oklahoma (76.9%). Within the sample, 79.7% lived in areas with a moderate or high ADI score, and approximately half experienced very low or low food security. Nearly two-thirds reported having moderate or high stress (67.6%), sleep inadequacy (65.0%), and reported 1+ exercise sessions weekly (68.4%). Medication adherence was reported to be excellent among 67.8%. Significant associations (P<.05) were found between medication adherence, exercise frequency, stress, and depression, but not for any SES or demographic variables.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that nearly ⅓ of NOURISH-OK participants reported less than excellent HIV medication adherence. In turn, frequent exercise, low stress, and depressive symptoms were positively correlated with better adherence, while rurality, ADI, and demographics were not observed to have significant associations. These findings underscore the importance of including physical and mental health programs for PLWH in Oklahoma.
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of NOURISH-OK—a study investigating life-course factors and the development of insulin sensitivity among PLWH eligible for Ryan White-funded programs—assessed participant demographics (race, sex at birth, index of relative rurality, Area deprivation Index [ADI]), and behaviors (frequency of exercise, perceived stress scale (PSS), depressive symptoms [PHQ], and sleep adequacy). Associations between medication adherence and these factors were measured via X2 tests and regression models.
Results: Among 407 participants, a majority were male (78.9%), White (63.1%), and living in more urban areas of Oklahoma (76.9%). Within the sample, 79.7% lived in areas with a moderate or high ADI score, and approximately half experienced very low or low food security. Nearly two-thirds reported having moderate or high stress (67.6%), sleep inadequacy (65.0%), and reported 1+ exercise sessions weekly (68.4%). Medication adherence was reported to be excellent among 67.8%. Significant associations (P<.05) were found between medication adherence, exercise frequency, stress, and depression, but not for any SES or demographic variables.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that nearly ⅓ of NOURISH-OK participants reported less than excellent HIV medication adherence. In turn, frequent exercise, low stress, and depressive symptoms were positively correlated with better adherence, while rurality, ADI, and demographics were not observed to have significant associations. These findings underscore the importance of including physical and mental health programs for PLWH in Oklahoma.
Original language | American English |
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Pages | 56 |
State | Published - 13 Sep 2024 |
Event | 2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health - Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, United States Duration: 13 Sep 2024 → 13 Sep 2024 |
Conference
Conference | 2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health |
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Abbreviated title | STRIDE 2024 |
Country/Territory | United States |
City | Tahlequah |
Period | 13/09/24 → 13/09/24 |