Demographics, behaviors, and medication adherence among people living with HIV in Oklahoma: Analysis of the NOURISH-OK study

Tanner Stone, Brannon Maravich, Mason Pope, Lacey Caywood, Casey Bakhsh, Marianna Wetherill, Micah Hartwell

Research output: Contribution to conferencePosterpeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Medication adherence among people living with HIV (PLWH) is not only important for mitigating disease progression, but poor adherence may also lead to resistance to antiretroviral therapy. Existing evidence regarding the influence of sociodemographic factors on medication adherence is mixed, while also extremely limited among those residing in Oklahoma. Thus we assessed self-reported medication adherence and associated factors among participants of the Nutrition to Optimize, Understand, and Restore Insulin Sensitivity in HIV for Oklahoma (NOURISH-OK) study.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis of NOURISH-OK—a study investigating life-course factors and the development of insulin sensitivity among PLWH eligible for Ryan White-funded programs—assessed participant demographics (race, sex at birth, index of relative rurality, Area deprivation Index [ADI]), and behaviors (frequency of exercise, perceived stress scale (PSS), depressive symptoms [PHQ], and sleep adequacy). Associations between medication adherence and these factors were measured via X2 tests and regression models.

Results: Among 407 participants, a majority were male (78.9%), White (63.1%), and living in more urban areas of Oklahoma (76.9%). Within the sample, 79.7% lived in areas with a moderate or high ADI score, and approximately half experienced very low or low food security. Nearly two-thirds reported having moderate or high stress (67.6%), sleep inadequacy (65.0%), and reported 1+ exercise sessions weekly (68.4%). Medication adherence was reported to be excellent among 67.8%. Significant associations (P<.05) were found between medication adherence, exercise frequency, stress, and depression, but not for any SES or demographic variables.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that nearly ⅓ of NOURISH-OK participants reported less than excellent HIV medication adherence. In turn, frequent exercise, low stress, and depressive symptoms were positively correlated with better adherence, while rurality, ADI, and demographics were not observed to have significant associations. These findings underscore the importance of including physical and mental health programs for PLWH in Oklahoma.
Original languageAmerican English
Pages56
StatePublished - 13 Sep 2024
Event2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health - Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine at the Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, United States
Duration: 13 Sep 202413 Sep 2024

Conference

Conference2024 Symposium on Tribal and Rural Innovations in Disparities and Equity for Health
Abbreviated titleSTRIDE 2024
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CityTahlequah
Period13/09/2413/09/24

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